MAPK14 and Hyperglycemia: Furthermore, metabolic disturbances such as hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction and a decreased activation of 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were shown to impair the proliferation of porcine myoblasts and C2C12 mouse myoblasts [44–49].