The most potent scaffolds proposed as sirtuin-activating in terms of SIRT1 activation (EC1.5 values in the submicromolar range) and the most effective in the treatment of age-related conditions (obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer) are pyrido[3,2-b][1, 4]oxazocines (38, Table 3) [104–106]; oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and benzo[d]imidazoles (39–41, Table 3) [104–107]; thiazolopyridines (42–44, Table 3) [104–106, 108]; and azabenzimidazoles (45, Table 3) [104–106, 109]. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and cancer.