NLGN1 and post-traumatic stress disorder: Placebo-controlled trials have shown that DCS is effective in the treatment of PTSD symptoms74, 75, 76, 77 and in reducing startle response in PTSD patients.78 DCS is a partial agonist of NMDAR, whose levels depend on NLGN1, and DCS not only modulates NMDAR activation,79 but also facilitates long-term potentiation.80, 81 Thus, these findings suggest that the association of NLGN1 with PTSD could be related to dysregulation of emotional learning processes, which may underlie trauma associations and failure to recover following trauma exposure.