CST3 and diabetes mellitus: During follow up 403 patients developed new onset diabetes and each 1 SD increment of cystatin C was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes adjusted for model 1 (OR per 1 SD increment 1.14 (1.03–1.27), p = 0.014) but this association was totally attenuated in the fully adjusted according to model 2 (0.99 (0.86–1.13), p = 0.842) (Table D in S1 File).