Thus, on one hand, NLRP3 could promote tumor cell survival through activation of NF-κB-stat1/3 pathway or by limiting cytotoxic immune cells infiltration, but on the other, it could suppress malignant progression by triggering mitochondrial apoptotic pathway or by enhancing immune-cytokine levels in the tumor microenvironment. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is neoplasm.