BAX and non-small cell lung carcinoma: When treated with PL (0–15 μM) in A549 and NCI-H460 NSCLC cells, we found that the expression of various apoptotic proteins such as Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8 was increased, while the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased in a concentration dependent manner (Fig. 2a,b).