HNF4A and colitis: This response parallels that seen in mice lacking Hnf4A function in enterocytes, which display intestinal inflammation accompanied by increased sensitivity to DSS-induced colitis and increased permeability of the intestinal epithelium, similar to humans with inflammatory bowel disease (Ahn et al., 2008; Babeu and Boudreau, 2014; Cattin et al., 2009).