Furthermore, annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) dual labeling assay indicated that exposure of NSCLC cells to LCA increased apoptotic cell percentages from 3.2% (0 μM) to 20.9% (10 μM) and 51.9% (15 μM) in A549 cells, and from 2.4% (0 μM) to 21.6% (10 μM) and 37.6% (15 μM) in NCI-H1299 cells, while the apoptotic cells were not increased after LCA treatment in HELF cells (Fig. 2D). Here, ANXA5 is linked to Leber congenital amaurosis.