IL33 and Hepatic failure: Although experimental evidence suggested that antigen-specific Th1 immunity and pro-inflammatory cytokines played an important role in the HBV related liver injury and clearance of viruses [8, 9], serum IL-33 levels were associated with liver damage of patients with CHB [10], serum levels of IL-33 and soluble ST2 elevated in liver failure, which could be a sign of immune hyperactivation, and/or a mechanism to down-regulate inflammation [1].