Neutrophils accumulate in the sputum and BAL of stable COPD patients [15, 17, 18, 81, 82] in response to the increased expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1α) in the bronchial epithelium of severe stable COPD patients in comparison with subjects with mild/moderate disease and control smokers [15, 17, 18]. The gene discussed is CCL3; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.