E2F1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The suppression effect of the ISX–E2F1 axis on apoptosis and autophagy in the hepatoma cells showed that the ISX–E2F1 axis favors the creation of a tumor-promoting signal for malignancies; in the tumor-promoting signals induced by ISX, the E2F1–DP1 complex transcriptionally activated cell cycle regulators instead of apoptotic or autophagic factors.