In contrast to the global assessment (Fig 2), when we considered the significant associations between the relative abundance of KEGG genes (p < 0.05/8028), modules (p < 0.05/485), and pathways (p < 0.05/318) within population F, the cancer associations were reproduced (p < 0.05) in the WGSS DC for four of 10 genes: aminomethyltransferase (K00605), tryptophanase (K01667), peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase msrA/msrB (K12267), and putative membrane protein (K01421) (Table 4). Here, MSRA is linked to cancer.