Prompted by the alleged association to cancer metastasis, a number of independent studies subsequently reported the expression of C4.4A in several different cancer lesions, including solid carcinomas of various origins such as bladder, lung, esophagus, skin, pancreas, colon and stomach9, 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. The gene discussed is LYPD3; the disease is cancer.