TNF and infection: To gain deeper insights on chromatin modification of HIV-1 DNA species depending on pharmacological treatments modulating the NF-κB pathway, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were carried out on MT4 T-cells synchronously infected with HIV-1 NL4-3 WT or D116N strains, and incubated or not 2 days post-infection with TNF-α or PDTC.