GDNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: An immunohistological analysis of human HCC specimens was performed by using the anti-GDNF antibody and our results revealed in 42 patients, there were dramatically increased expression levels of the GDNF in HCC, as compared to normal liver tissue from same patient in all tested specimens (Figure 7A, 69.4 ± 5.4% VS 5.3 ± 1.3%, p<0.001).