TWIST1 and craniosynostosis: In approximately 28% of the craniosynostosis patients (with any combination of sutures fused) having a genetic cause, a pathogenic mutation can be identified in FGFR2, in 19% of the patients in FGFR3, and in 16% in TWIST1. TCF12 intragenic mutations cause approximately 4% of these cases [Sharma et al., 2013].