These include better understanding of the role of bile acids in causing diarrhea/constipation, significance of alterations in gut microbiota, alterations in enteric innervation and serotonin availability associated with inflammation, IBS-like symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and several new treatments including the low-FODMAP diet, guanylate cyclase C activators, and 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists. Here, NPR3 is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.