TNFSF10 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Furthermore, molecular analysis (Fig. 6a-e) showed that tumor tissues of animals treated with Ad-ΔB/TRAIL+Ad-ΔB/IL-12 combined therapy elicited profound elevation in the mRNA and protein levels of TRAIL and IL-12 transgenes (Fig. 6a-d), as well as in the degree of intratumor viral replication as reflected by the expression level of E1A protein (Fig. 6e); suggesting that the strategy of OAd-mediated TRAIL and IL-12 dual gene transfer exhibited simultaneous and efficient expression of the encoded transgenes and didn’t interfere with viral replication in human HCC tumor tissues.