DHTKD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Next, to clarify the efficacy of the administered OAds to replicate and to express their encoded TRAIL and IL-12 transgenes, we measured the expression levels of TRAIL and IL-12 proteins as well as the levels of adenoviral E1A protein (as an indicator of viral replication) in HCC cells and tumor tissues of different treated groups and the results indicated that co-treatment with Ad-ΔB/TRAIL and Ad-ΔB/IL-12 exhibited simultaneous and efficient expression of both TRAIL and IL-12 along with viral replication.