Overall, the event rates were 44.4 (95% CI 39.8–49.4) and 23.1 (20.1–26.4) deaths per 1,000 person-years; 22.2 (18.6–26.2) and 14.9 (12.3–18.0) MACE per 1,000 person-years; and 23.0 (19.5–26.9) and 19.9 (17.0–23.3) cancer events per 1,000 person-years for insulin monotherapy and insulin plus metformin, respectively. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is cancer.