PNPLA3 and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Genetic polymorphisms (patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2), seven-gene signatures) have been particularly associated with the susceptibility of advanced liver disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C infection [7–11].