Metformin (N, N dimethyl imidodi carbonimidic diamide) (Figure 2(Fig. 2)) is an orally active biguanide that has glucose lowering effects (suppress gluconeogenesis in liver), decreases insulin resistance, potentiates insulin action and increases insulin sensitivity of liver and skeletal muscle via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (Zang et al., 2004[99]; Hilder et al., 2005[42]). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.