DPP4 and Alzheimer disease: In a recent study done by Kosaraju (2013[55]), treatment of rat models induced with AD (by intracerebral injection of STZ) with Vildagliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) showed dose and time-dependent improvements in memory retention and dose-dependent attenuation of Aβ, tau phosphorylation and inflammatory markers thus indicating that with increase in GLP-1 levels there is clearance of Aβ and tau which is beneficial in AD.