TNF and neoplasm: Wang et al. have shown that in three murine cancer models with constitutive STAT3 activation, B16 (melanoma), SCK-1 9 (breast carcinoma), and CT26 (colon carcinoma), expression of a dominant-negative STAT3 variant, STAT3β, or a STAT3-targeting siRNA increased the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IFNβ, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as the chemokines RANTES and CXCL10 (IP-10) in the tumor cells, with no effect on IL-4 and IL-10 production (150).