ATP1A3 and dystonia 12: Mutations in the gene ATP1A3 encoding the α3 isoform have been discovered in patients with rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), and early life epilepsy (de Carvalho Aguiar et al., 2004; Bøttger et al., 2012; Heinzen et al., 2014; Sweney et al., 2015).