TP53 and neoplasm: TP53 is at the hub of numerous signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis, tumor development, and metastasis [34, 35], and it is triggered by a range of cellular stresses, such as transient cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, senescence, apoptosis, metabolism, stem cell maintenance, invasion, metastasis, and communication with the tumor microenvironment [36–38].