The diagnosis of AHC was previously based on clinical manifestations, and the most widely accepted clinical criteria to diagnose AHC were proposed by Bourgeois et al. In 2012, researchers identified mutations in the ATP1A3 gene (MIM 182350) encoding the sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) ATPase α3 subunit as the primary genetic cause of sporadic AHC [3–5]. This evidence concerns the gene ATP1A3 and alternating hemiplegia of childhood.