EGFR and heart failure: Vacuole-like structure formation in the cardiomyocytes is also observed in the heart of ErbB knockout mice32, doxorubicin-induced heart failure model mice33, 34 and in the patients with trastuzumab (Herceptin)-induced cardiomyopathy20, suggesting that activation of β-catenin or Wnt/β-catenin signaling in endothelial cells might be involved in the molecular mechanism of those diseases.