In order to develop a new CAR therapy for CAIX+ RCC that could block T cell exhaustion (Figure 1A), we engineered a bicistronic lentiviral vector to express the anti-CAIX (G36) scFv linked to CD28 and CD3-ζ signaling domains (G36-CD28z CAR) in the first cassette and anti-PD-L1 IgG1 or IgG4 in a second expression cassette after an IRES site (Figure 1B). Here, CD28 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.