Previous studies show that NR4A1 acts as a coactivator of genes with GC-rich promoters (Figure 1B, pathway 3) that play a role in cancer cell proliferation and survival, and these include survivin, bcl-2, cyclin D1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the oncogene cMyc [16, 19]. Here, NR4A1 is linked to cancer.