TP53 and malignant colon neoplasm: In an effort to relate these two concepts, we undertook the first comprehensive identification of genes that prevent EDR by screening about 95% of the human genome (21,584 genes) for genes that prevent EDR in HCT116 cells, a colon cancer cell line with a stable, near diploid, karyotype [40] that is also available as isogenic cells differing only by the presence of a functional TP53 gene [68].