Further, the IHC tissue array analysis showed that no MAP3K19 protein was detected in the testis, which had the highest level of MAP3K19 mRNA expression per the RT-qPCR analysis, indicating that those mRNA transcripts were not translated into protein (S1 Fig) Histological analysis of lung sections from IPF patients showed that MAP3K19 is additionally expressed by atypical epithelium commonly found adjacent to fibroblastic foci, although the level of staining appeared to be less than in macrophages (Fig 5). This evidence concerns the gene MAP3K19 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.