Hormone receptors, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and gonadotropin-releasing receptor (GnRHR), could mediate the effects of steroid hormones on ovarian cancer development and progression3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Here, ESR1 is linked to ovarian cancer.