NR1H4 and cholestasis: In LCA- and ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestatic rats, the semi-synthetic steroidal FXR ligand obeticholic acid (OCA, formerly also referred to as 6-ethylchenodeoxycholic acid [6-ECDCA]), which is currently being tested in several clinical phase II and III studies for PBC and PSC, was able to restore reduced bile flow and improve cholestasis in several preclinical animal models of cholestasis33,34.