TNF and chronic kidney disease: In the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study [10], the inverse correlation between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and biomarkers of inflammation (IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen) was demonstrated as well as the direct correlation between kidney function and albuminuria.