Multiple diseases proteins involving Atxn1, Atxn2, Atxn7, TDP43 and FUS are related to RNA splicing.60, 61 A target protein of multiple neurodegenerative disease proteins, PQBP1, is deeply involved in RNA splicing, transcription and translation.54, 62, 63 These previous results are basically consistent with the idea that gene expression is impaired at multiple levels. Here, ATXN1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.