Indeed, TLR2 and TLR5 were shown to regulate tumor tolerance, cancer progression and metastasis, although with effects that may vary according to cancer cell type.[10,14,17] TLR2 can form heterodimers with TLR1 or TLR6 to recognize diacylated and triacylated bacterial lipoproteins,[18] whereas TLR5 is a receptor for flagellin, a component of bacterial flagella.[19] Therefore, local infections by microorganisms producing PAMPs activating these TLRs could influence the growth and survival of MCL cells, particularly at distinct anatomic sites. The gene discussed is TLR1; the disease is cancer.