In particular, apoptotic markers, including caspase-3 [18, 19], caspase-9 [19], Bax [18, 19], Bad [20], and Fas [18], have been observed to increase in retinal ganglion cells of patients with diabetes, while enhanced release of cytochrome c and expression of apoptosis inducing factor has been documented both in ganglion cells and in photoreceptor cells [20]. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is diabetes mellitus.