(P) RR activation plays an important role in the development of renal fibrosis by binding prorenin and renin, which are linked to angiotensin (Ang) II-dependent and Ang II-independent effects via the induction of intracellular signaling such as the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways3, 4, 5. This evidence concerns the gene AGT and renal fibrosis.