It has been very recently demonstrated that AML driven by repressive transcription factors, including AML1-ETO and PML-RARα are sensitive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition, due to suppressed expression of HR-associated genes and impaired DDR associated to prevention of binding of KU proteins to DNA ends in NHEJ [33, 34]. This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and acute myeloid leukemia.