In contrast, in a recently published study in RA, 1×106 and 5×106 autologous modified DCs loaded with citrullinated peptide antigens demonstrated possible clinical benefit and biological activity.13 However, those cells were manufactured by exposure to a nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) inhibitor and were administered intradermally. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.