While liver miRNAs contribute considerably to the governance of metabolic phenotypes, miRNAs in other tissues likely also have critical roles in the development of metabolic disease, such as miR-200a, which regulates pancreatic beta cell survival in type 2 diabetes [46•]; miR-375, which modulates insulin secretion from beta cells [47] and maintains alpha/beta cell mass in pancreatic islets [48]; and miR-7a, which controls the physiologic adaptation of beta cells to the metabolic conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes [49]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.