However, SLE BM-MSCs exposed to Wnt pathway inhibitor DKK1 or transduced β-catenin siRNA exhibited alleviated features of cell senescence, along with a reduced expression of p53 and p21, indicating that Wnt/β-catenin signaling may be a potential target for allogeneic BM-MSC-mediated cell therapy for SLE [68]. Here, DKK1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.