Currently, it is well-known that in severe sepsis and septic shock patients, hyperglycemia develops due to a combination of several factors: 1) Insulin clearance is increased leading to a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose uptake; 2) Stress induced elevation in plasma levels of counter-regulatory hormones, such as catecholamines, glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Sepsis.