TLR4 and colitis: Although more studies are needed in vivo and in vitro to confirm these initial findings, by identifying the upstream regulators of NLRP12 in DSS-induced colitis, our observations enhance our understanding of the mechanisms lying behind colitis development, and identified potential molecular targets for the development anti-inflammatory therapy of colitis through the targeting of the TLR4-Blimp-1-NLRP12 axis.