Additionally, recent studies have also reported that the genetic changes in NAFLD, including down-regulated phosphorylated-adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα) markedly aggravate SFA-induced hepatotoxicity [18,28]. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.