In three independent Japanese populations with T2DM (1502 cases and 1740 controls), the SIRT1 rs2236319 (A/G), rs10823108 (A/G), rs3818292 (A/G) and rs4746720 (C/T) variants were associated with a risk of diabetes [105], while selected SNPs in SIRT2, SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT6 were not. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.