These studies showed demonstrable immunoreactivity for pAktS473 associated with activated myofibroblasts within IPF fibrotic foci, as previously suggested.18 We further provide evidence for pAktT308 immunostaining associated with these myofibroblasts and thus provide the first evidence of full Akt activation in situ in this disease context. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.