NFAT1 promotes the dedifferentiation of melanoma cells,129 whereas NFAT3 induces acinar to ductal dedifferentiation and pancreatic cancer initiation.130 Moreover, in pancreatic cancer, NFAT2 drives epithelial–mesenchymal transition and seems to be responsible for the appearance of stem-cell features.131 These studies demonstrate that NFAT factors control the plasticity of some cancer cells and might be involved in the maintenance of cancer stem cells. The gene discussed is NFATC4; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.