Moreover, considering the inverse association between circulating S-endoglin and AER and the presence of slightly lower S-endoglin concentration in the microalbuminuria group compared to the normoalbuminuria group, we speculate that exposure to T1DM initially may give rise to an increase in serum S-endoglin concentrations; however, with the development of microalbuminuria, a relative decline in circulating S-endoglin concentrations might be observed. Here, ENG is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.