In this study, we explored the role of FGF-2 and VEGF-A, because both heparin-binding growth factors are accumulated in the kidney of children with HIV-renal diseases [9, 11–14], and affect the outcome of HIV-nephropathy in HIV-Tg mice [10, 12, 30] and rats [42, 43]. Here, VEGFA is linked to Nephropathy.