The relationship between LIF- and EGFR-induced STAT3 activation is also found in various types of cells, such as lung carcinoma cells [39] and ovarian cancer cell lines [35].We applied an EGFR inhibitor to the embryo before LIF and EGF supplementation to determine the role of EGFR in the LIF-STAT3 and EGF-STAT3 pathways during pre-implantation embryonic development. Here, LIF is linked to ovarian cancer.